What is the introduction and origin of the Minor Cold solar term? What are the differences between north and south during Minor Cold?
Minor Cold is the second to last solar term among the 24 solar terms. Between Minor Cold and Major Cold, literally speaking, Major Cold should be the colder one. However, according to records, Minor Cold is mostly colder. So what is the introduction and origin of Minor Cold? What are the differences between north and south during Minor Cold?What is the introduction and origin of the Minor Cold solar term?Climate observation data show that the temperature in most parts of my country from the "Minor Cold" to the "Major Cold" solar term is the lowest in the whole year. Ancient folk proverbs such as "walking on ice during the 39th and 49th days of winter", "freezing into a ball during the Minor Cold and the Major Cold" and "walking on the street and losing money" all describe the coldness of this season. Due to the very low temperature, wheat, fruit trees, vegetables, livestock and poultry are vulnerable to freezing.Because the solar terms originated in the Yellow River Basin, "Collected Explanations of the 72 Solar Terms in the Lunar Calendar" says "The cold is still light at the beginning of the month...and severe in the middle of the month", which means that in the Yellow River Basin, the Great Cold was colder than the Lesser Cold at that time. And because Minor Cold is in the last few days of "Erjiu", it enters "Sanjiu" a few days after Minor Cold, and the Minor Cold in winter corresponds to the Minor Heat in summer, so it is called Minor Cold. The Great Cold, which comes after the Lesser Cold, is very cold during the "four nine days of cold" when "sleeping at night is like sleeping outside", and the Great Cold in winter corresponds to the Great Heat in summer, so it is called the Great Cold. The three signs in Minor Cold are reflected by the phenological signs as follows: "The first sign is that the wild geese fly north; the second sign is that the magpies start to build nests; the third sign is that the pheasants start to fly." Among migratory birds, in the first phase, the Yang energy has begun to move and the wild geese begin to migrate northward, but they have not yet migrated to the northernmost part of my country, they have just left the hottest place in the south; in the second phase, magpies feel the Yang energy and begin to build nests; in the third phase, pheasants also feel the growth of Yang energy and begin to call. Differences between North and SouthThe weather during the Minor Cold is extremely cold, and the geographical span between north and south is large, resulting in different production, farming, and living customs. In terms of farming, there is no work in the fields in most parts of the north, and people have to rest for the winter. The main task at home is to keep vegetable cellars and livestock houses warm, and to make and store fertilizer. In the past, livestock such as cattle and horses were the main labor force of a family and required special care. The weather is the coldest during the Minor Cold period, so we should pay more attention to keeping livestock warm. People usually burn fires in cow sheds and stables to keep warm. Small livestock are more cautious in keeping warm - they are given individual straw mats and straw curtains to block the wind. People who are particular about this will use warm water for their livestock to reduce their energy consumption as much as possible and prevent diseases. They will also add a little salt to the drinking water to replenish the salt loss in the livestock's body in cold weather and enhance their immunity. Often we see livestock licking the base of walls and drinking dirty water. This is a sign that the livestock are short of salt, so they lick the salinity in the soil at the base of walls or absorb salt from dirty water. During the Lesser Cold season in southern China, it is necessary to clean ditches for rapeseed and apply top dressing to wheat. If there is strong cold air, sprinkle wood ash, crop straw or cover the fields with manure to help crops survive the coldest season. Based on years of farming experience, people often use the climate of Minor Cold to speculate on the climate change of the coming year and make farming plans early. For example, in Shandong Province, there are sayings such as "If there is no rain in Minor Cold, there will be drought in Major Heat" and "If there are clouds and fog in Minor Cold, the next spring will be a year of drought." |
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