What are the customs and folklore of the Grain Full Festival in different places during the fourth month of the lunar calendar and what are its characteristics?
Grain Full is a very important solar term in China. It represents the harvest of summer crops and the busy days ahead for farmers. What customs and practices do various regions have to celebrate Grain Full? In the blink of an eye, we have entered the fourth month of the lunar calendar. It is early summer now, the temperature is rising, and the weather is getting hotter. Shuimoxiansheng.com will take you to experience the wonderful fourth month of the lunar calendar in 2019.The days of Xiaoman in 2019April 17, 2019 (Lunar calendar)May 21, 2019, Tuesday, Gemini (solar calendar) Local customs and folk customs of XiaomanGuanzhong area: "The wheat tips are yellow. The girl looks at her mother. After the yoke is removed, the mother looks at her enemy."Before the busy summer season, the daughter would ask about her parents' preparations for the wheat harvest; after the harvest, the mother would visit her daughter again, caring about her family's harvest and the hard work they had put into the harvest. It reflects the close connection and deep affection between mother and daughter during production labor. Jiangnan region: "Three cars are moving during Xiaoman, so busy that no one knows what's going on" The three vehicles here refer to the waterwheel, oxcart and silk cart. At this time, the crops in the farmland need plenty of water, so the farmers are busy pedaling water wheels to turn water; the harvested rapeseed is also waiting for the farmers to pound it to make fragrant rapeseed oil; farm work in the fields naturally cannot be delayed. But the silkworms at home also need to be carefully cared for. Around the Grain Full Festival, the silkworms will start to spin cocoons, and the silkworm farmers will be busy spinning silk reels. It is recorded in "Qing Jia Lu": "When Xiaoman comes, the silkworm women boil cocoons, prepare silk spinning wheels and reel silk, working day and night." It can be seen that in ancient times, during the Grain Full solar term, new silk was about to be put on the market, and the silk market was about to boom. Silkworm farmers and silk merchants were all full of expectations, waiting for the harvest day to come. Eat bitter vegetables The Book of Zhou says: On the day of Grain Full, bitter herbs bloom. As one of the earliest edible wild vegetables, bitter vegetable is found throughout the country. Dandelion is rich in nutrients, containing multiple vitamins, minerals, bile alkaloids, carbohydrates, riboflavin and mannitol needed by the human body, and has the functions of clearing heat, cooling blood and detoxifying. Long-term use can calm the mind, improve energy, make the body lighter and resist aging. It is mostly used in medicine to treat fever, and in ancient times people also used bitter herbs to sober people up. During the Grain Full season, the weather begins to gradually become hot. Eating bitter vegetables can have a certain effect in coping with summer heat syndrome. Worship the Three Gods There is a saying that "three vehicles move" during Grain Full, and these three vehicles refer to the waterwheel, oxcart, and silkcart . "Sacrificing to the Three Gods" means offering sacrifices to the gods in charge of the three vehicles during the Grain Full season, praying for the gods' blessings, good weather, and a good harvest. Climate characteristics of Xiaoman in various regionsThe middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River: "If Grain Full is not reached, the wheat harvest will be in danger"“If Grain Full is not fully harvested, the wheat crop will be in danger.” This is a saying that is still popular in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and other areas during the Grain Full solar term. The so-called "one risk" refers to the fact that wheat has just entered the milky stage at this time and is very vulnerable to dry and hot winds, which can lead to insufficient wheat filling, shriveled grains and reduced yields. There are many ways to defend against dry hot wind. For example, creating protective forest belts and spraying chemicals are very effective measures. South China: "Xiaoman, Daman, and rivers are full" “Xiaoman, Daman and rivers are full” reflects the climate characteristics of frequent rainfall and heavy rainfall in South China. Because when the cold air from the north penetrates into the southern regions of my country and at the same time the warm and humid air currents in the south are also strong, the intersection of cold and warm air can easily cause heavy rain or torrential rain in southern China. Therefore, the late period of the Grain Full solar term is often a tense period for flood prevention in these areas. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: "No rain during Grain in Ear, less rain during the Yellow Plum Festival", "No rain during Grain in Ear, no water during the Grain in Ear" A folk proverb says, "If there is no rain during Grain in Grain, there will be less rain in the plum blossom season"; "If there is no rain during Grain in Grain, there will be no water in the Grain in Ear." That is because for the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, if there is less rain during this period, it may be that the subtropical high pressure in the Pacific Ocean is weaker and located to the south, which means that when the plum rain season comes, there may be less precipitation. It can also easily cause the field ridges in the area to dry up, which has a great impact on the Grain in Ear season. |
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